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What is FSH test?
The follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) test is used to evaluate the level of this hormone in the blood. The FSH is synthesized by the pituitary gland which is a pea-sized gland residing beneath the brain. It has implications for one’s sexual development as well as functioning. In women, FSH is involved in the regulation of follicular growth and ovulation. And in men, it controls the production of sperm. In children, until puberty, the levels of FSH will be less. The presence of very high or low levels of FSH affects health adversely, results in early or delayed puberty in children, menstrual irregularities, low sexual drive in men, and fertility problems.
Frequently Asked Questions:
What is FSH Test used for?
FSH and another hormone named luteinizing hormone work closely in regulating sexual functions. Thus, in most cases, a test for luteinizing hormone is also ordered together with FSH. These tests are employed for various reasons depending on gender and age.
For females:
- reasons for infertility
- reasons for irregular or abruptly paused menstrual cycle
- identify if there are any issues with the ovarian functions
- Confirm the start of perimenopause or menopause
For males:
- reasons for infertility
- identify if there are any issues with testicles
- reasons for low sperm counts
In children, the FSH test is indicated to identify the reasons for early or delayed puberty. In girls, the early onset of puberty is considered before the age of nine years, and in boys before 10 years. Delayed onset of puberty indicates the absence of puberty by 13 years in girls and 14 in boys.
Understanding the test results of FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) Test
The meaning of the FSH test results depends upon age and gender.
In females, a higher level of FSH means:
- polycystic ovarian syndrome
- primary ovarian insufficiency
- menopause or perimenopause
- Turner syndrome
- ovarian tumor
A low FSH level in females means:
- impairment in the functioning of the pituitary gland
- enough eggs are not produced by ovaries
- underweight
- issues with hypothalamus
A high level of FSH in males means:
- Klinefelter syndrome
- damaged testicles
A low level of FSH in males indicates:
- issues with the hypothalamus or pituitary glands
A high level of FSH in children indicates the nearing onset of puberty or already started puberty. However, before nine years in girls or 10 years in boys, it may indicate brain injury or central nervous system damage.
A low level of FSH in children indicates delayed puberty.
Why do I need the FSH Test?
Women need an FSH test if they have been trying to conceive for over 12 months, abrupt stoppage of menstruation, and irregular periods.
Men need an FSH test if they have not been able to get their partner pregnant after about 12 months of trying, and a decrease in sex drive.
An FSH test is indicated for both genders if they are experiencing weight loss, weakness, fatigue, and reduction in appetite.
What happens during the FSH Test?
FSH test is conducted via blood testing. The healthcare professional collects blood from the patients' veins in the upper arms into a test tube or vial and later analyses it in the laboratory. The blood collection for the FSH test lasts for about five minutes.
When should the FSH test be done?
An FSH test is indicated when experiencing weight loss, weakness, fatigue, and reduction in appetite. Apart from that, it is performed to analyze problems associated with the reproductive system in both genders.
What level of FSH indicates infertility?
The FSH levels of more than 20miu/ml are associated with a risk of lower chances of spontaneous pregnancy or success rate of various infertility treatments.
What are the symptoms of low FSH levels?
The symptoms of low levels of FSH include loss of pubic hair, irregular periods, no periods, hot flushes, and insufficient milk production during breastfeeding.
What is the normal FSH level for age?
The normal FSH levels by age are:
- for 33 years or younger: less than 7.0miu/ml
- those between 33-37 years: less than 7.9miu/ml
- between 38-40 years: less than 8.4miu/ml
- those who are 41 years or older: less than 8.5miu/ml
Slight variations across the findings are normal between different testing facilities.
Is FSH higher during periods?
The FSH level varies throughout the menstrual cycle. The highest FSH level was observed during ovulation.
Is FSH high in pregnancy?
No, the FSH levels remain low throughout the entire pregnancy period.
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